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The preventive role of the judiciary in protecting the financial interest of the European Union.
A comparative analysis for improved performance
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Contents
I. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................... 4 1. PREAMBLE AND PROJECT BACKGROUND ....................................................................................... 4 1.1. DESCRIPTION OF THE ACTION.................................................................................................. 4 1.2. AIM AND OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................... 5 1.3. EXPECTED IMPACT AND RESULTS ............................................................................................ 5 2. THE METHODOLOGY OF THE NATIONAL AND COMPARATIVE RESEARCH .................................... 7 2.1. METHODOLOGY OF THE NATIONAL ASSESSMENTS................................................................. 7 2.2. METHODOLOGY OF THE COMPARATIVE RESEARCH................................................................ 7 2.3. STAKEHOLDERS TARGETED BY THE RESEARCH PHASES........................................................... 8 II. FINDINGS.............................................................................................................................................. 9 3. THE CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF THE LEGAL PERSON ........................................................................... 9 3.1. International law and the criminal liability of the legal person............................................... 9 3.2. Models and characteristics of the criminal liability of the legal person ................................ 11 3.3. Corporate punitive liability in Greece, Italy, Lithuania and Romania for fraud, corruption, money laundering and crimes against the EU financial interest ....................................................... 15 4. PENALTIES FOR LEGAL PERSONS FOR FRAUD, CORRUPTION, MONEY LAUNDERING AND CRIMES AGAINST THE FINANCIAL INTERESTS OF THE EU .................................................................... 22 4.1. Principal and accessory criminal sanctions for legal persons in Europe................................ 22 4.2. Principal and accessory criminal sanctions for legal persons committing fraud, corruption, money laundering and crimes against the EU financial interest ....................................................... 23 4.3. The ban from participation to public procurement as a punishment for criminal offences . 25 4.4. Sanctioning in practice........................................................................................................... 27 4.5. Grounds for exemption from liability or punishment............................................................ 28 5. ADMINISTRATIVE EXCLUSIONS FROM PUBLIC PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES ........................... 31 5.1. General framework under Directive 2014/24/UE ................................................................. 31 5.2. Rules for administrative exclusions from public procurement processes at national level .. 32 5.3. Grounds for exemption from exclusions: the self-cleaning measures .................................. 39 6. RULES ON BANS AND EXCLUSIONS FROM PUBLIC PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO DIFFERENT TYPES OF PARTICIPANTS TO PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES ....................................... 41 6.1. Administrative exclusion of third parties, including subcontractors, based on the public procurement legal framework ........................................................................................................... 41 6.2. Bans for subcontractors as criminal sanctions or security measures .................................... 42